Anaerobic reductive dehalogenation of polychlorinated dioxins |
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Authors: | Michael Bunge Ute Lechner |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology, and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO),Aarhus University,?rhus,Denmark;2.Institute of Biology/Microbiology,Martin-Luther-Universit?t Halle-Wittenberg,Halle,Germany;3.Institute of Applied Microbiology, Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ),Justus-Liebig-Universit?t Giessen,Giessen,Germany |
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Abstract: | Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDD/Fs) are among the most harmful environmental contaminants. Their widespread distribution due to
unintentional or unknown release coincides with environmental persistence, acute and chronic toxicity to living organisms,
and long-term effects due to the compounds’ tendency for bioaccumulation and biomagnification. While microbial aerobic degradation
of PCDD/Fs is mainly reported for the turnover of low chlorinated congeners, this review focuses on anaerobic reductive dehalogenation,
which may constitute a potential remediation strategy for polychlorinated compounds in soils and sediments. Microorganisms
in sediments and in microcosms or enrichment cultures have been shown to be involved in the reductive dechlorination of dioxins.
Bacteria related to the genus Dehalococcoides are capable of the reductive transformation of dioxins leading to lower chlorinated dioxins including di- and monochlorinated
congeners. Thus, reductive dehalogenation might be one of the very few mechanisms able to mediate the turnover of polychlorinated
dioxins by reducing their toxicity and paving the way for a subsequent breakdown of the carbon skeleton. |
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Keywords: | Keyword" target="_blank">Keyword Reductive dehalogenation Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans Dehalococcoides |
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