功能性心电图的基本特征及其产生机理

本文概述了航空、航天应激心电图(高空急性缺氧,加压供氧、加速度,失重,高温、下身负压与爆炸减压)、运动员与飞行员以及普通工作人员的非病理性心电图。此类心电图的形态改变同病理性心电图有同有异。各波段有意义的改变主要是P波与ST-T异常,心律失常中主动性异位节律、窦房结节律失常与被动性异位节律以及传导异常均可见。产生机理属于反射性或中枢性;诱因与产生机理均属功能性质。我们主张将此类异常心电图称为功能性心电图,以资区别于病理性心电图,利于科研中正确评价人体反应以及临床上鉴别诊断。

THE BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FUNCTIONAL ECG AND ITS CAUSAL MECHANISM

ECG of the subjects under aerospace stress conditions including acute altitude liypoxia, pressure breathing, acceleration, weightlessness, low body negative pressure and explosive decompression and non-pathologic ECG of athletes,aviators and common workmen were reviewed. The morphologic changes of these ECG are not parallel to those of pathologic ECG. In these stress-induced ECG the main multi-wave changes of sig- nificance are P wave and ST-T abnormalities, while active and passive ectopic rhythms, sinus arrhythmia as well as conduction abnormalities were noted among the arrhythmias manifested. The causal mechanism of these ECG are of reflexive and central.Its inducement and causal mechanism are of functional. The authors thus suggest to term these non-pathologic ECG as "functional ECG" in order to distinguish them from the pathologic one and so to facilitate proper evaluation of human responses to stress in research works and to help clinical differential diagnosis of ECG.