Extracellular enzymes of cold-adapted bacteria from Arctic sea ice,Canada Basin |
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Authors: | Yong Yu Huirong Li Yinxin Zeng Bo Chen |
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Institution: | (1) SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, People’s Republic of China |
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Abstract: | A total of 338 aerobic heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated from Arctic sea ice, Canada Basin (77°30′N–80°12′N).
The capability of the isolates to produce protease, lipase, amylase, chitinase, β-galactosidase, cellulase and/or agarase
was investigated. Isolates that were able to degrade tributyrin, skim milk, starch, lactose and chitin accounted for 71.6,
65.7, 38.5, 31.6 and 16.9% of sea ice strains, respectively. Lipase producers and/or protease producers were phylogenetically
widespread among the isolated strains. Starch and/or lactose hydrolytic strains were mainly distributed among Colwellia, Marinomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudomonas and Shewanella isolates. Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis, Pseudoalteromonas
elyakovii, Bacillus firmus and Janibacter melonis isolates all have the ability to degrade chitin. Only some strains belonging to Pseudoalteromonas genus scored positive for agarase (6) and cellulose (9). The temperature dependences for lipase activities were determined
for five psychrophilic and six psychrotolerant bacteria. At low temperatures, the psychrophilic bacterial lipase activity
was not significantly higher than psychrotolerant bacterial lipase, though all lipases showed remarkably high activity with
10–36% residual activity at 0°C. |
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