Significance of the cytoskeleton for cytoplasmic organization and cell organelle dynamics in epithelial cells of fresh-water sponges |
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Authors: | D Wachtmann W Stockem |
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Institution: | (1) Institut für Zellbiologie, Universität Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Strasse 61a, D-W-5300 Bonn 1, Federal Republic of Germany |
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Abstract: | Summary The cytoskeleton in epithelial cells ofSpongilla lacustris is constructed of microtubules radiating from the nuclear region and terminating at the cell periphery as well as microfilaments forming a cortical layer beneath the plasma membrane and distinct fibers in the cytoplasmic matrix. Single frame analysis and in vivo labeling of mitochondria with Rh 123, endosomes or lysosomes with TRITC-BSA, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with DiOC6 (3) and dictyosomes with C6-NBD-ceramide points to the microtubular system as a candidate for controlled cytoplasmic organization and active transport of these cell organelles. In epithelial cells with an intact microtubular system, mitochondria and endosomes or lysosomes show a regular shuttle movement between the nucleus and the cell periphery with a velocity of 1.3–1.4 m/s; the ER forms a more or less dynamic two-dimensional network in the entire cytoplasmic matrix, and dictyosomes are arranged in a ring-like manner around the nucleus. In epithelial cells treated with colchicine or colcemid, mitochondria and endosomes or lysosomes gather in the perinuclear region and become immobile; the ER accumulates near the cell center, whereas most dictyosomes distribute randomly over the whole cytoplasm. Transformation of the microfilament system with cytochalasin D has no influence on cell organelle distribution and dynamics but impedes cell locomotion and cell surface activities.Abbreviations BSA
bovine serum albumin
- C6-NBD-ceramide
6-(N-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl]amino)caproyl]sphingosine
- DiOC6(3)
3,3 -dihydroxyloxacarbocyanine jodide
- DMSO
dimethylsulfoxide
- EGTA
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- GTX
glycerol-Triton-X-100
- PBS
phosphate buffered saline
- PEG
polyethylene glycol
- PIPES
1,4-piperazine-N,N -bis-(2-ethanesulfomc) acid
- Rh 123
rhodamine 123
- TRITC
tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate |
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Keywords: | Cytoskeleton Cytoplasmic organization Cell organelle transport Fluorescence microscopy Spongilla lacustris |
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