Middle Devonian bothriolepiform antiarchs (Pisces,Placodermi) from central Kazakhstan and their implication for the antiarch system and phylogeny

The bothriolepiform antiarchs Tenizolepis asiatica (Obrucheva, 1955), Bothriolepis kassini Malinovskaja, 1988, and B. babichevi Malinovskaya, 1992 from the Givetian (Middle Devonian) of Central Kazakhstan are redescribed. Tenizolepis bychkovi Malinovskaya, 1992, known from the Konyr Formation of the Trudovoe vertebrate locality, is considered to be a synonym of B. babichevi. The history of investigation of bothriolepiforms from Kazakhstan is discussed. The system and phylogeny of antiarchs are discussed.