大肠息肉的危险因素分析

目的：探讨大肠息肉在人群中的年龄、性别、病理类型的分布，并探讨体质量指数、吸烟饮酒、血脂水平、相关疾病、饮食习惯及运动状况对大肠息肉发生的影响。方法：选择2011年4月至2013年4月在海军总医院进行电子结肠镜检查的542例患者，将结肠镜检查发现大肠息肉并住院治疗的患者纳入息肉组，将内镜检查无明显异常的患者纳入对照组。比较两组患者的体质量指数、吸烟饮酒、血脂水平、相关疾病、饮食习惯及运动状况等。结果：大肠息肉人群中男性多于女性，40岁以上高发，超重及肥胖者达55．56％；经常饮酒、较少进食蔬菜、水果、粗纤维食物、运动量少及患有高脂血症、高血压、糖尿病、脂肪肝、胆系疾病者易发大肠息肉。结论：高体质量指数、吸烟、高血脂水平、相关疾病、不良饮食习惯、运动量小是大肠息肉发生的危险因素。

Analysis of the Risk Factors of Colorectal Polyps

Objective： To investigate the colorectal polyps in patients with age, gender,histological type of distribution, and explore the body mass index, smoking, drinking, blood lipid levels, related diseases, diet and exercise conditions on the occurrence of colorectal polyps. Methods： An analysis was carried out of the patients who underwent colonoscopy in Naval Hospital from April 2011 to April 2013. Polyps group included the patients who had colorectal polyps which was evidenced by pathology. Body mass index, smoking, drinking, blood lipid levels, related diseases, diet and exercise conditions of the two groups and the age, gender, pathologic of the polyp group were anayzed. Results： Male, more than 40 years old were in high incidence of colorectal polyps, and overweight and obesity were up to 55.56% of the polyp group; drinking, less consumption of vegetables, fruits, crude fiber foods, exercise less and those with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, fatty liver, biliary disease were susceptible to colorectal polyps. Conclusion： High body mass index, smoking, high cholesterol levels, related diseases, poor eating habit, lack of exercise had significant effects on the prevalence of colorectal polyps.