新疆地区少数民族与汉族甲状腺疾病患者的临床特征比较

目的：比较新疆地区少数民族与汉族甲状腺疾病的患病情况和临床类型特点。方法：选择本院2009 年1月至2011 年12 月收治的312 例被确诊为甲状腺疾病的患者，统计分析其临床资料如民族、年龄、性别、病程间的分布。结果：新疆地区少数民族和汉族8 种常见甲状腺疾病如甲状腺瘤、甲亢、单纯性甲状腺肿、亚急性甲状腺炎、桥本氏病、毒性甲亢、甲减和结节性甲状腺肿的发病率比较均无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。少数民族和汉族男性和女性间常见甲状腺疾病的发病率比较均无显著性差异（P〉0.05），但少数民族男女性患者和汉族男女性间常见甲状腺疾病的发病率比较的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。少数民族与汉族甲状腺功能减退症患者的发病年龄、病程以及居住地分布均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：新疆地区各少数民族几种常见甲状腺疾病发病情况与汉族比较无显著性差异。

Comparison of the clinical characteristics of thyroid diseases between patients with different nationalities in Xinjiang

Objective： To compare the prevalence and characteristics of the clinical types of thyroid diseases between minority nationalities and Han nationality in Xinjiang. Methods： 312 patients with thyroid disease who were admitted from January 2009 to December 2012 in our hospital were selected, the clinical data such as distribution between different nationality, gender and course of disease were analyzed. Results： No statistically significant difference of the incidence of eight common thyroid disease such as thyrophyma, hyperthyroidism, simple goiter, subacute thyroiditis, Hashimoto thyroid, toxic Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and nodular goiter was observed between minority nationality and Han nationality （P〉0.05）. No statistically significant difference of the incidence of common thyroid disease between female and male of minority nationality and Han nationality was found（P〉0.05）, but the incidence of thyroid disease between male and female of minority nationality and Han nationality were significantly different（P〈0.05）. At the same time, there was no significant difference of the incidence of hypothyroidism between different age stage, course of disease and place of residence in minority nationality and Han nationality. Conclusion： There was no significant difference of the incidence of several common thyroid diseases between minority nationality and Han nationality.