Effects of elevated CO2 and water stress on population growth of the two-spotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), on sweet pepper under environmentally controlled conditions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Agicultural Entomology, All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR), 3, Podbelsky shosse, Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196608, Russia;2. Department of Microbiological Plant Protection, All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR), 3, Podbelsky shosse, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196608, Russia;3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal Research Center the N.I.Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), 42-44, B.Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia;4. Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK;1. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran;2. Montana State University, Department of Research Centers, Western Triangle Agricultural Research Center, Conrad, MT 59425, USA;1. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic;2. Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Strasse 90, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany;3. Institute of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, PR China.;1. Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;3. Division of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Weather events such as drought and elevated atmospheric CO2 are likely to interact with plants in numerous ways with diverse mechanisms. As a consequence of changes in quality of plants, the performance parameters and population dynamics of herbivores are expected to be influenced. In this study, a split-plot design was used to evaluate the interaction of elevated CO2 and irrigation regime on population growth of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae: Tetranychini), feeding on sweet pepper, Capsicum annum L. (Solanaceae), in environmentally controlled chambers. Results showed that exposure to elevated CO2 significantly increased the C/N ratio in sweet pepper plants. Except in case of the adult stage, elevated CO2 did not significantly increase the population density of other developmental stages or the overall population of T. urticae. However, water stress by itself and in combination with elevated CO2 had significant effects on per capita population growth rate (r) and population density of mites. Maximum growth rate and population density of mites were observed at a combination of elevated CO2 and intermediate water stress. Further studies, especially in field conditions, investigating the impact of elevated CO2 and water stress on population size and growth of herbivores in other plant species may contribute to a greater understanding of the implications of global climate change on future crop productivity. |
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