Proteomic analysis reveals altered expression of proteins related to glutathione metabolism and apoptosis in the small intestine of zinc oxide-supplemented piglets |
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Authors: | Xiaoqiu Wang Deyuan Ou Jingdong Yin Guoyao Wu Junjun Wang |
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Institution: | (1) State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China;(2) College of Animal Science of Guizhou University, 550025 Guiyang, Guizhou, China;(3) Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; |
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Abstract: | Zinc is an important dietary factor that regulates intestinal amino acid and protein metabolism in animals. Recent work with
the piglet, an established animal model for studying human infant nutrition, has shown that supplementing high levels of zinc
oxide (ZnO) to the diet ameliorates weaning-associated intestinal injury and growth retardation. However, the underlying mechanisms
are largely unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that zinc supplementation affects expression of proteins related to
glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress in the gut. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, we
identified 22 up-regulated and 19 down-regulated protein spots in the jejunum of weanling piglets supplemented with ZnO (3,000 mg/kg
Zn) compared with the control pigs (100 mg/kg Zn). These proteins are related to energy metabolism (increased level for succinyl-CoA
transferase and decreased level for creatine kinase M-type); oxidative stress (decreased levels for 78 kDa glucose-regulated
protein and glutathione-S-transferase-ω); and cell proliferation and apoptosis (increased levels for A-Raf-1 and calregulin). Consistent with the changes
in protein expression, the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione was increased, whereas glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase activities as well as the protein level of active caspase-3 were reduced in ZnO-supplemented
piglets. Collectively, these results indicate that ZnO supplementation improves the redox state and prevents apoptosis in
the jejunum of weaning piglets, thereby alleviating weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and malabsorption of nutrients
(including amino acids). |
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