Interfacial Effects of Superhydrophobic Plant Surfaces: A Review |
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基金项目: | Acknowledgments This work is supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31070155 and 11172301), the "Western Light Talent Culture" Project, the Distinguished Young Scientists Project of Hubei Province (2012FFA002), the Co-joint project of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the "Top Hundred Talents" Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences. |
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摘 要: | Nature is a huge gallery of art involving nearly perfect structures and properties over the millions of years of development. Many plants and animals show water-repellent properties with fine micro-structures, such as lotus leaf, water skipper and wings of butterfly. Inspired by these special surfaces, the artificial superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted wide attention in both basic research and industrial applications. The wetting properties of superhydrophobic surfaces in nature are affected by the chemical compositions and the surface topographies. So it is possible to realize the biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces by tuning their surface roughness and surface free energy correspondingly. This review briefly introduces the physical-chemical basis of superhydrophobic plant surfaces in nature to explain how the superhydrophobicity of plant surfaces can be applied to different biomimetic functional materials with relevance to technological applications. Then, three classical effects of natural surfaces are classified: lotus effect, salvinia effect, and petal effect, and the promising strategies to fabricate biomimetic su- perhydrophobic materials are highlighted. Finally, the prospects and challenges of this area in the future are proposed.
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关 键 词: | 超疏水性表面 植物表面 界面效应 展望 防水性能 工业应用 功能材料 荷叶效应 |
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