高产淀粉型甘薯新品种徐薯27的选育及品质特性

高产淀粉型甘薯新品种徐薯27是以徐薯18为母本,选择遗传背景差异大的20个品种(系)为父本,放任授粉集团杂交后代中筛选。该品种2009年通过山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。通过对徐薯27农艺性状特征、生产力、抗病性、品质特征性状以淀粉糊化特性等进行研究,结果表明:徐薯27萌芽性好,地上部长势平稳,耐贮藏;高抗根腐病,中抗茎线虫病;鲜薯和薯干产量对照徐薯18,最高增产分别达19.41%和19.21%,具有超高产潜力;徐薯27淀粉RVA谱为A型,不同肥料处理下RVA参数值差异明显,有机肥能明显降低其淀粉最高粘度值(PKV)、最低粘度值(HPV)和最终粘度值(CPV),糊化温度在较高的75～80℃范围。

Breeding and Quality Characteristics of a New Sweetpotato Cultivar Xushu 27 with High Yield and High Starch Content

A new sweetpotato cultivar Xushu 27 with high yield and high starch content was developed from the cross between Xushu 18 with good quality as the maternal parent and 20 varieties (or lines) with great difference in genetic background as the paternal parents through open-pollinated group method. In 2009, this cultivar was approved by the Crop Varieties Appraisal Committee of Shandong Province. The agronomic characteristics, productivity, disease resistance, quality characteristics, and starch pasting properties of Xushu 27 were studied. This cultivar had strong sprout ability, smooth vine growth, strong storage ability, high resistance to root rot, and moderate resistance to rot nematode. In Comparison with Xushu 18, fresh root yield and dry matter yield of Xushu 27 increased by 19.41% and 19.21%, respectively, which indicated a potential of super-high yield. Rapid Visco Analysis (RVA) curve of Xushu 27 starch showed a typical A-shape. The starch RVA parameters with different fertilizer treatments were significantly different. Organic fertilizer reduced the value of starch peak viscosity, hot paste viscosity, and cool paste viscosity. The gelatinization temperature ranged from 75°C to 80 °C.