The phylogeographic structure and conservation genetics of the endangered tree peony, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paeonia rockii</Emphasis> (Paeoniaceae), inferred from chloroplast gene sequences |
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Authors: | Jun-hui Yuan Fang-Yun Cheng Shi-Liang Zhou |
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Institution: | (1) Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua Eastern Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China;(2) National Flower Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetic and Breeding of Forestry Trees and Ornamental Plants, Beijing, 100083, China;(3) State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China;(4) Gansu Forestry Technological College, Tianshui, Gansu, 741020, China; |
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Abstract: | The endangered species Paeonia rockii is the most important ancestral species of the cultivated tree peonies. These well-known ornamental plants are termed the
‘King of Flowers’ in China. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of 335 wild
samples from 20 populations throughout the entire distributional range of the species based on three chloroplast DNA sequences
(petB–petD, rps16–trnQ and psbA–trnH). At those loci, high levels of genetic differentiation (G
ST
= 0.94) and low levels of genetic variation (θ = 0.00185) were detected. The intraspecific phylogeny revealed four groups, the western group, the Taibai mountain group,
the northern group and the eastern group, which closely coincided with the geographic distribution of the species. A phylogeographic
structure of this kind could result from a number of integrated factors, such as allopatric fragmentation, climatic fluctuations,
increased abortion and declining germination of seeds, or lack of gene flow among populations, especially across the geographic
barrier of the high Qinling Mountains, and it could also result from adaptive evolution. For conservation purposes, each extant
population of P. rockii should be recognized as a conservation-significant unit, and a more stringent conservation strategy should incorporate in
situ and ex situ methods. |
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