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Antioxidants reveal an inverted U‐shaped dose‐response relationship between reactive oxygen species levels and the rate of aging in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors:Ju‐Ling Liu  Ying Wang  Callista Yee  Kristine Bernard  Arman Khaki  Lionel Breton  Siegfried Hekimi
Affiliation:1. Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada;2. L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous bois, France
Abstract:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are potentially toxic, but they are also signaling molecules that modulate aging. Recent observations that ROS can promote longevity have to be reconciled with the numerous claims about the benefits of antioxidants on lifespan. Here, three antioxidants [N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), vitamin C, and resveratrol (RSV)] were tested on Caenorhabditis elegans mutants that alter drug uptake, mitochondrial function, and ROS metabolism. We observed that like pro‐oxidants, antioxidants can both lengthen and shorten lifespan, dependent on concentration, genotypes, and conditions. The effects of antioxidants thus reveal an inverted U‐shaped dose–response relationship between ROS levels and lifespan. In addition, we observed that RSV can act additively to both NAC and paraquat, to dramatically increase lifespan. This suggests that the effect of compounds that modulate ROS levels can be additive when their loci of action or mechanisms of action are sufficiently distinct.
Keywords:aging  antioxidants     C.   elegans     prooxidants  reactive oxygen species
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