The PIP and TIP aquaporins in wheat form a large and diverse family with unique gene structures and functionally important features |
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Authors: | Kerrie L Forrest Mrinal Bhave |
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Institution: | (1) Environment and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, John St, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia |
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Abstract: | Aquaporins, members of major intrinsic proteins (MIPs), transport water across cellular membranes and play vital roles in
all organisms. Adversities such as drought, salinity, or chilling affect water uptake and transport, and numerous plant MIPs
are reported to be differentially regulated under such stresses. However, MIP genes have been not yet been characterized in
wheat, the largest cereal crop. We have identified 24 PIP and 11 TIP aquaporin genes from wheat by gene isolation and database searches. They vary extensively in lengths, numbers, and sequences
of exons and introns, and sequences and cellular locations of predicted proteins, but the intron positions (if present) are
characteristic. The putative PIP proteins show a high degree of conservation of signature sequences or residues for membrane
integration, water transport, and regulation. The TIPs are more diverse, some with potential for water transport and others
with various selectivity filters including a new combination. Most genes appear to be expressed as expressed sequence tags,
while two are likely pseudogenes. Many of the genes are highly identical to rice but some are unique, and many correspond
to genes that show differential expression under salinity and/or drought. The results provide extensive information for functional
studies and developing markers for stress tolerance.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
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Keywords: | Major intrinsic proteins Aquaporins Wheat Abiotic stress |
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