藻类挥发性有机化合物研究进展

在水域生态系统中, 藻类释放的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)种类众多, 主要有萜烯类、醛类、醇类、酯类、酮类、脂肪族烃、芳香族、硫化物和卤化物。这些VOCs通过不同的次生代谢途径形成, 可为多种环境因素所诱导产生。在逆境胁迫下, VOCs具有提高藻细胞抗逆性的作用。当VOCs释放到水体中后, 可为同种藻细胞传递胁迫信息, 使感受细胞做好防御准备。对于异种藻细胞, VOCs通过化感作用抑制其生长, 从而保证VOCs释放者的竞争优势。此外, VOCs还可驱避捕食者, 保护藻细胞免受伤害。未被感受者利用的VOCs经挥发进入大气层后, 会参与水域上空二次有机气溶胶的形成。通过对藻类VOCs的种类、形成途径、诱导释放因素及其生态作用进行综述, 以期对藻类VOCs的研究有所帮助。

The REVIEW OF RESEARCH ADVANCES IN ALGAL VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

In aquatic ecosystem, abundance of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released from algae, including terpenoids, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic series, sulfides and halogenides. These VOCs are synthesized from different secondary metabolism pathways, which can be induced by lots of environmental factors. Under environmental stresses, VOCs play an important role in improving algal resistance. When VOCs are released to water bodies, they transfer stress information to the congener algal cells, and the acceptors can prepare to defense the coming stress. For heterogeneous algal cells, VOCs can inhibit their growth via allelopathic effects and keep emitter's competitive advantages. Meanwhile, VOCs can also repel predators to protect algal cells. The VOCs which can not be captured by acceptors volatilize into the atmosphere and take part in the formation of secondary organic aerosols over the waters. To aid in helping the study of algal VOCs, this research review summarizes the types, forming pathways, inducing factors and ecological functions of algal VOCs.