洞庭湖退田还湖区不同土地利用方式下土壤微生物数量与酶活性特征

以钱粮湖垸为例,研究了洞庭湖退田还湖区林地(Ⅰ)、园地(Ⅱ)、旱地(Ⅲ)、水田(Ⅳ)和荒地(Ⅴ)等不同土地利用方式下的土壤微生物数量、酶活性及其典范相关关系。结果表明:5种土地利用方式下不同土层细菌、放线菌数量均以旱地最高,真菌数量以荒地最高;细菌是土壤微生物的主要类群,占全部微生物的比例为44.42%～92.93%,其次为真菌数量,所占比例为4.89%～42.76%,放线菌数量最少,所占比例为1.71%～24.52%;不同土地利用方式下0～50cm土层磷酸酶、脲酶、蛋白酶和脱氢酶活性变化范围为0.01～0.07mg.g-1.d-1、0.01～0.05mg.g-1.d-1、0.92～7.11mg.kg-1.d-1和0.01～0.38μl.g-1.d-1;土壤磷酸酶、脲酶、脱氢酶活性分别以园地、荒地、水田最低,而旱地土壤蛋白酶活性总体最低;土壤微生物典范变量(U)中,放线菌数量与之呈正相关,回归系数最大(0.174),其次为细菌数量(0.003),而真菌数量则出现负相关(-0.215);土壤酶活性典范变量(V)中,脲酶活性与之呈正相关,回归系数最大(10.557),其次为脱氢酶活性(1.616),而磷酸酶活性(-17.275)与蛋白酶(-0.041)则出现负相关。不同层次土壤微生物数量及酶活性在典范变量上的聚集趋势可为该区域土壤健康诊断与立地类型划分提供依据。

Soil microbial quantity and enzyme activity of different land-use patterns under converting polders back into wetlands in Dongting Lake area

Taking the Qianlianghu polder in Dongting Lake area as a case, this paper studied the soil microbial quantity, enzyme activity, and their canonical correlations of five typical land-use patterns, i.e., forestland, garden land (vegetable and orchard), nonirrigated cropland (cotton, maize, and sugar cane), irrigated cropland (rice), and wasteland in the area. Among the five land-use patterns, nonirrigated cropland had the highest quantity of soil bacteria and actinomycetes, while wasteland had the highest qua...