Pogonophora (Annelida): form and function |
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Authors: | Southward Eve C Schulze Anja Gardiner Stephen L |
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Institution: | (1) Marine Biological Association of the U.K., Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, U.K;(2) Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Fort Pierce, FL, 34949, U.S.A;(3) Department of Biology, Bryn Mawr College, Citadel Hill, PA, 19010, U.S.A |
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Abstract: | Pogonophora, also known as Siboglinidae, are tube-dwelling marine annelids. They rely on endosymbiotic chemoautotrophic bacteria
for nutrition and their anatomy and physiology are adapted to their need to obtain both oxygen and reduced sulphur compounds.
Frenulate pogonophores are generally long and slender, sediment-living tubeworms; vestimentiferans are stouter, inhabitants
of hydrothermal vents and cool seeps; and moniliferans or sclerolinids are very slender inhabitants of decaying wood and sulphidic
sediments. The anatomy and ultrastructure of the three groups are compared and recent publications are reviewed. Annelid characters
are the presence of chaetae and septa, concentrated at the hind end. The adaptations to a specialised way of life include,
in particular, the chitinous tube; the anterior appendages that function as gills; the internal tissue called the trophosome,
where the endosymbiotic bacteria live; and the blood vascular system that transports oxygen, sulphide and carbon dioxide to
the trophosome. |
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Keywords: | Pogonophora Siboglinidae Frenulata Vestimentifera anatomy ultrastructure |
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