硫污染对9种园林植物叶片硫含量与叶绿素荧光参数的影响

对深圳市9种园林植物叶片硫含量,以及硫处理对叶片光合作用参数的影响进行了初步研究。这9种植物分别为红背桂(Excoccaria cochinchinensis)、黄脉爵床(Sanchezia nobilis)、大叶变叶木(Codiaeum variegatum)、基及树(Saruma henryi)、短穗鱼尾葵(Caryota mitis)、小叶榕(Ficus microcarpa var.pusillifolia)、高山榕(Ficus altissima)、海桐(Pittosporum tobira)和黄叶假连翘(Duranta repenscv.'Dwarf Yellow')。在温度25℃条件下分别在光照和黑暗条件,用NaHSO₃和蒸馏水浸泡各植物叶圆片24h,共形成4种处理。采用PAM-2100荧光仪测定叶绿素荧光参数。在自然状况下采集的黄脉爵床叶片含硫量最高,远高于其他植物,具有较高的富集能力,含量最低的是大叶变叶木。用蒸馏水浸泡后,9种植物叶片的硫含量的变化很少。在NaHSO₃处理下,有7种植物叶片的硫含量显著提高,增加最多的是自然条件下富集能力最低的大叶变叶木。[0]取自不同大气SO₂污染环境的被测试植物显示,除海桐外,小南山的其它8种植物叶片含硫量都大于世博园植物叶片的含硫量。小南山9种植物的F_v/F_m值也都低于世博园,说明在污染较严重的情况下可以通过测定植物叶片的F_v/F_m值来进行现场监测。

Effect of SO2 on leave's sulfer content and chlorophyll fluorescence of gardens plants in Shenzhen

Culfur content of the leaves and chlorophyll fluorescence of 9 garden plant species from Shenzhen were measured in November 2005 to evaluate effect of atmospheric SO₂ and to select bio-indicators for atmospheric SO₂ monitoring.These plant species include Excoccaria cochinchinensis,Sanchezia nobilis,Codiaeum variegatum,Saruma henryi,aryota mitis,Ficus microcarpa var.pusillifolia,Ficus altissima,Pittosporum tobir aand Duranta repens cv.'Dwarf Yellow'.Under natural condition,the sulfur content in leaves of Sanchezia nobilis was the highest,and that for Codiaeum variegatum was the lowest.Sulfur contents of leaves treated with distilled water from the 9 species showed very slight change.When treated with NaHSO₃,the sulfur contents in seven of the 9species increased,especially in the leaves of C.variegatum.The same 9 species were collected from two gardens where the atmospheric SO₂ concentration is different:Small Nan Hills with high air SO₂ and World Exhibition Park with low air SO₂.Except for P.tobira,the other 8 species had higher sulfur contents and lower F_v/F_m in Small Nan Hills than in the World exhibition Park.This result demonstrates that F_v/F_m of the 9 plant species is a suitable parameter to indicate pollution from atmospheric SO₂.