Interferon-Induced Hypothyroidism Causing Reversible Pituitary Enlargement |
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| Institution: | 1. From the Departments of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.;2. From the Departments of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.;3. From the Departments of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.;1. Maternal and Child Health and Midwifery Department, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan;2. University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Australia;3. School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney (UWS), Australia;4. Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan;5. Perinatal Mental Health, Centre for Health Practice Innovation, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia;1. Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil;2. Neuroendocrinology Center, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre/UFCSPA, Brazil. |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo present the first reported case of interferon-induced hypothyroidism with radiographic confirmation of secondary pituitary hyperplasia.MethodsWe describe the case of a woman with recurrent malignant melanoma, outline the details of her endocrine work-up, and illustrate the serial findings on magnetic resonance imaging of the head.ResultsA 26-year-old woman underwent surgical excision of a melanoma of the left thigh and 10 years later had a second melanoma removed from her right knee. Metastatic work-up revealed evidence of tumor involvement in the cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes. After treatment with interferon for 1 year, persistent fatigue and menstrual irregularities led to the laboratory diagnosis of hypothyroidism, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed pituitary enlargement. Both her endocrinopathy and the pituitary hyperplasia resolved with discontinuation of the interferon treatment and with institution of thyroid replacement therapy.ConclusionClinicians should be aware of the potential adverse effects of interferon therapy to avoid inappropriate diagnosis of a pituitary adenoma or metastatic lesion in patients with cancer who are treated with interferon. In addition, screening for hypothyroidism should be performed in patients receiving interferon. (Endocr Pract. 2008;14:219-223) |
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