Selenium protects sorghum leaves from oxidative damage under high temperature stress by enhancing antioxidant defense system |
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| Authors: | M. Djanaguiraman P.V.V. Prasad M. Seppanen |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, KS, USA;2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;1. Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India;2. Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India;3. State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China;4. Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;5. Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA Saudi Arabia;6. Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India;1. São Paulo State University – UNESP, Ilha Solteira, Postal Code 15.385-000, SP, Brazil;2. São Paulo State University – UNESP, Tupã, Postal Code 17602-496, SP, Brazil;3. University of São Paulo – USP, Postal Code 13416-000, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;4. The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK;5. School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK;1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;2. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertiliser in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China;3. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China;1. North Dakota State University, Dept. 7640, 208 Harris Hall, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108, USA;2. Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;3. Carrington Research Extension Center, 663 Hwy. 281 N, P.O. Box 219, Carrington, ND 58421, USA;4. USDA Agriculture Research Service, Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;5. Independent Consultant, 140 Riverpoint Dr, Clemson, SC 29631 |
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| Abstract: | Oxidative stress is commonly induced when plants are grown under high temperature (HT) stress conditions. Selenium often acts as an antioxidant in plants; however, its role under HT-induced oxidative stress is not definite. We hypothesize that selenium application can partly alleviate HT-induced oxidative stress and negative impacts of HT on physiology, growth and yield of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of selenium on (a) leaf photosynthesis, membrane stability and antioxidant enzymes activity and (b) grain yield and yield components of grain sorghum plants grown under HT stress in controlled environments. Plants were grown under optimal temperature (OT; 32/22 °C daytime maximum/nighttime minimum) from sowing to 63 days after sowing (DAS). All plants were foliar sprayed with sodium selenate (75 mg L?1) at 63 DAS, and HT stress (40/30 °C) was imposed from 65 DAS through maturity. Data on physiological, biochemical and yield traits were measured. High temperature stress decreased chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic rate and antioxidant enzyme activities and increased oxidant production and membrane damage. Decreased antioxidant defense under HT stress resulted in lower grain yield compared with OT. Application of selenium decreased membrane damage by enhancing antioxidant defense resulting in higher grain yield. The increase in antioxidant enzyme activities and decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) content by selenium was greater in HT than in OT. The present study suggests that selenium can play a protective role during HT stress by enhancing the antioxidant defense system. |
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