Initiation of somatic embryogenesis in Pinus banksiana,
P. strobus, P. pinaster, and P. sylvestris at three laboratories
in Canada and France |
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Authors: | Y S Park M A Lelu-Walter L Harvengt J F Trontin I MacEacheron K Klimaszewska J M Bonga |
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Institution: | 1. Canadian Forest Service – Atlantic Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, P.O. Box 4000, E3B 5P7, Fredericton, NB, Canada 2. Unité Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie forestières, INRA, INRA-CRO BP 20 619, F-45166, Ardon, Olivet Cedex, France 3. Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Domaine de l’étan?on, AFOCEL, F-77370, Nangis, France 4. Canadian Forest Service – Laurentian Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, P.O. Box 3800, G1V 4C7, Sainte-Foy, PQ, Canada
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Abstract: | During 2002–2004, three laboratories in Canada and France collaborated to improve initiation of somatic embryogenesis (SE) in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), eastern white pine (P. strobus L.), maritime pine (P. pinaster Ait.), and Scots pine (P.␣sylvestris L.), giving particular attention to the effects of (1) N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU) versus various concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and benzyladenine (BA), (2) differences in basal nutrient media, i.e., macro- and microelements, and (3) gelling agent concentration. The work was carried out separately at␣each laboratory, but the details of media compositions were shared and tested on their respective species. Results indicate that the developmental stage of the zygotic embryo (ZE) and genotype effects had a large influence on SE initiation, and that genetic effects were consistent over time. Different species responded differently to PGR types and concentration, basal nutrient media, trace elements, and their combinations. Currently, our best initiation rates based on a selected group of genotypes, optimal development stage of ZE, and medium are 3.9% for jack pine, 54.6% for eastern white pine, 76.2% for maritime pine, and 19.7% for Scots pine. |
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Keywords: | Culture media Eastern white pine Embryo development Genotypic effects Immature seed Jack pine Maritime pine Plant growth regulators Scots pine |
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