APOB-516 T allele homozygous subjects are unresponsive to dietary changes in a three-month primary intervention study targeted to reduce fat intake |
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Authors: | Ahd Hammoud Marguerite Gastaldi Matthieu Maillot Charles S Mercier Catherine Defoort Denis Lairon Richard Planells |
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Institution: | 1.Faculté de Médecine, INRA, UMR1260 “Nutriments Lipidiques et Prévention des Maladies Métaboliques”, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France ;2.INSERM, U476, 13385 Marseille, France ;3.Faculté de Médecine, Univ Aix-Marseille 1, Univ Aix-Marseille 2, IPHM-IFR 125, 13385 Marseille, France ;4.Laboratoire de Biochimie-Centre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France |
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Abstract: | Dietary guidelines aim to control fat intake and reduce cardiovascular risk but an important interindividual variability occurs among subjects. The objective was to investigate whether the response of lipid and glucose homeostasis parameters after a three-month diet aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk could be modulated by the ?516C/T polymorphism in the apolipoprotein B gene (APOB). Middle-aged men (n = 69) and women (n = 100) with moderate cardiovascular disease risk were advised to reduce total energy and fat intakes and replace saturated dietary fat by monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat. Subjects were genotyped for APOB-516C/T polymorphism. At the entry and at the end of the three-month period, fasting and postprandial plasma lipid analyses were performed. At entry, subjects homozygous for the APOB-516 T allele exhibited significantly lower fasting plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein B 48, triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins-triglycerides compared to C carrier subjects. After the diet period, while C carrier subjects presented a clear improvement of most biological parameters, paradoxically T/T subjects did not modify them. In addition, the apoB 48 postprandial response after a standardized mixed test meal was not improved in T/T subjects after the three-month diet, contrary to C allele carriers. Even though their phenotype at entry does not show any significant increase of risk factors when compared to other groups, subjects homozygous for the APOB-516 T allele are unresponsive to a healthy diet that improves cardiovascular risk status in the whole population. |
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Keywords: | APOB gene polymorphism Dietary fat Cardiovascular risk Diet–gene interaction |
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