Phosphorylation of the Synthetic Hexasaccharide Repeating Unit Is Essential for the Induction of Antibodies to Clostridium difficile PSII Cell Wall Polysaccharide |
| |
Authors: | Adamo Roberto Romano Maria R Berti Francesco Leuzzi Rosanna Tontini Marta Danieli Elisa Cappelletti Emilia Cakici Osman S Swennen Erwin Pinto Vittoria Brogioni Barbara Proietti Daniela Galeotti Cesira L Lay Luigi Monteiro Mario A Scarselli Maria Costantino Paolo |
| |
Institution: | Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics , Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy. |
| |
Abstract: | Clostridium difficile is emerging worldwide as a major cause of nosocomial infections. The negatively charged PSII polysaccharide has been found in different strains of C. difficile and, thereby, represents an important target molecule for a possible carbohydrate-based vaccine. In order to identify a synthetic fragment that after conjugation to a protein carrier could be able to induce anti-PSII antibodies, we exploited a combination of chemical synthesis with immunochemistry, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, and solid state NMR. We demonstrate that the phosphate group is crucial in synthetic glycans to mimic the native PSII polysaccharide; both native PSII and a phosphorylated synthetic hexasaccharide repeating unit conjugated to CRM(197) elicit comparable immunogenic responses in mice. This finding can aid design and selection of carbohydrate antigens to be explored as vaccine candidates. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 PubMed 等数据库收录! |
|