v-SNAREs control exocytosis of vesicles from priming to fusion |
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Authors: | Borisovska Maria Zhao Ying Tsytsyura Yaroslav Glyvuk Nataliya Takamori Shigeo Matti Ulf Rettig Jens Südhof Thomas Bruns Dieter |
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Institution: | Department of Physiology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany. |
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Abstract: | SNARE proteins (soluble NSF-attachment protein receptors) are thought to be central components of the exocytotic mechanism in neurosecretory cells, but their precise function remained unclear. Here, we show that each of the vesicle-associated SNARE proteins (v-SNARE) of a chromaffin granule, synaptobrevin II or cellubrevin, is sufficient to support Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis and to establish a pool of primed, readily releasable vesicles. In the absence of both proteins, secretion is abolished, without affecting biogenesis or docking of granules indicating that v-SNAREs are absolutely required for granule exocytosis. We find that synaptobrevin II and cellubrevin differentially control the pool of readily releasable vesicles and show that the v-SNARE's amino terminus regulates the vesicle's primed state. We demonstrate that dynamics of fusion pore dilation are regulated by v-SNAREs, indicating their action throughout exocytosis from priming to fusion of vesicles. |
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Keywords: | amperometry capacitance measurements cellubrevin chromaffin cells synaptobrevin II |
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