Cytochemical reactions of normal and starving Amoeba proteus. I. Localization of thiols,DNA, RNA and other organic phosphates |
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| Authors: | HELLER I M KOPAC M J |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100850, China;2. College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;3. University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China;4. Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China;5. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China;6. School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China;1. Spelman College, 350 Spelman Lane Southwest, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA;2. Biology, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA;3. Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA;4. Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA;5. American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA, USA;1. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria;2. Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia;3. Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;1. Dept of mechanical engineering, 508206, India;2. Dept of mechanical engineering, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhrapradesh, 522502, India;3. Dept of mechanical engineering, Kodad, 508206, India |
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| Abstract: | The localization of desoxyribonucleic acids, ribonucleic acids, and sulfhydryl groups in normal and starving Amoeba proteus was investigated. In addition, the distribution of organic phosphates was determined in normal amoebas.In normal amoebas, the cytoplasmic matrix and the karyosome were determined to contain relatively low concentrations of the following: organic phosphates, thiols, and ribonucleic acids. These substances, in higher concentration, are localized in the nucleoli. Desoxyribonucleic acids were indicated to be solely in the karyosomal portion of the nucleus. Within the cytoplasm, the mitochondria were found to contain thiols; the refractive bodies, a high concentration of phosphate and a component which stains metachromatically with toluidine blue; and the crystals, none of the substances tested.During starvation, alterations were noted in the concentration and distribution of the compounds investigated. A progressive condensation of the Feulgenpositive karyosome was observed to occur between the fifth and thirteenth days of starvation, after which time the observed alterations were maintained until the termination of the experiment.In the starved amoebas stained with toluidine blue there was observed a progressive reduction in cytoplasmic color from the fifth to the thirteenth day. The nucleoli were observed to become progressively larger and slightly metachromatic, again leveling off at thirteen days. While considerable variation was noted in the size and metachromatic staining of the refractive bodies with toluidine blue staining throughout the series, the trend appeared to involve a darkening and reduction in size, as starvation progressed. The alterations of the refractive bodies suggest that some constituent may be removed during starvation.The sulfhydryl content of the amoebas treated with trichloroacetic acid, appeared to increase in both the nucleus and cytoplasm during the fifth through the thirteenth day of starvation. The maximum content, reached at thirteen days, was maintained.The major alterations determined in starving amoebas were progressive changes first noted on or about the fifth day of starvation, reaching a peak around the thirteenth day after which the level was maintained. The data establish that there are at least three key metabolic phases in Amoeba proteus during starvation. |
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