Novel aspects of the flowers and floral pigmentation of two Cleome species (Cleomaceae), C. hassleriana and C. serrulata |
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Authors: | Constance Nozzolillo,Virginie Treyvaud Amiguet,Antoine C. Bily,Cory S. Harris,Ammar Saleem,Ø yvind M. Andersen,Monica Jordheim |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allegt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway |
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Abstract: | Palely pigmented inflorescences of cultivated Cleome hassleriana Chodat (spider flower) have a unique two-toned appearance shown in the present study to be due to a loss of petal pigmentation within 24 h of anthesis, accompanied by an equally unique loss of petal mass. A similar loss occurs in deeply pigmented petals but is less evident to the eye because of the high initial content due to the presence, in the petal mesophyll, of globular anthocyanic vacuolar inclusions (AVIs). Inflorescences of the wild species, Cleome serrulata Pursh. (Rocky Mountain bee flower) are also two-toned because of the deeper pink colour of the unopened bud. No AVIs were seen. The pink colour of the bee flower petals is due to the same five acylated cyanidin glycosides as those previously isolated from mauve petals of spider flower. The structural pattern of the spider flower anthocyanins is shared with at least three genera of the Brassicaceae. |
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Keywords: | Cleome spp. Spider flower Rocky Mountain bee flower Acylated anthocyanins Anthocyanic vacuolar inclusions (AVIs) Petal senescence Pigmentation loss Pistil abortion |
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