Morphological and physiological adaptations in the marginal sphincter of anemone Phymactis clematis,dana 1849 from different environments |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;2. Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;3. School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;1. Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK;2. Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, 88100 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia;3. Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, 88100 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia;4. Sustainable Places Research Institute, Cardiff University, 33 Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3BA, UK;5. Population and Conservation Genetics, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, P-2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal;6. HUTAN/Kinabatangan Orangutan Conservation Programme, PO Box 17793, 88874 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia;7. Institute for Systems Genomics, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States;8. CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, ENFA, UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France;9. Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 5174 EDB, F-31062 Toulouse, France;1. Department of Microbiology, Maharaja Ganga Singh University, Bikaner 334004, India;2. Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | - 1.1. We studied the morphology and contractile properties in marginal sphincters isolated from anemones from different environments.
- 2.2. Sphincters from specimens from protected areas are ovoid or roughly square shape. Oval sphincters have increased number of mesogloeal branches and the main axis is thickened. Roughly square sphincters have irregular borders, mesogloeal axes of uniform thickness and homogeneous branching.
- 3.3. Specimens from exposed areas have sphincters with an ovoid shape and dichotomous branching.
- 4.4. Sphincters of specimens from partially protected areas show transition forms.
- 5.5. Under stimulation with KCl at different concentrations, sphincters of anemones from exposed environments contract faster and develop higher isometric forces than muscles isolated from specimens of protected areas.
- 6.6. It was concluded that sphincters of anemones from different environments have a morphology and a physiological response adapted to the milieu.
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