Discovering functional small molecules in the gut microbiome |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;2. Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA;1. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;2. Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;1. Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA;1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;1. Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK;2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, PD 35131, Italy;3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, PD 35131, Italy;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;2. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;3. Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;4. Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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| Abstract: | The human microbiome has emerged as a source of bacterially produced, functional small molecules that help regulate health and disease, and their discovery and annotation has become a popular research topic. Identifying these molecules provides an essential step in unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying biological outcomes. The relevance of specific bacterial members of the microbiome has been demonstrated in a variety of correlative studies, and there are many possible paths from these correlations to the responsible metabolites. Herein, we summarize two studies that have recently identified gut microbiome metabolites that modulate immune responses or promote physical activity. Aside from the deep insights gained, these studies provide blueprints for successfully uncovering the molecules and mechanisms that control important physiological pathways. |
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| Keywords: | Natural products Human microbiome Bacteria |
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