Lipidomic approaches to the study of phospholipase A2-regulated phospholipid fatty acid incorporation and remodeling |
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Authors: | David Balgoma Olimpio Montero María A Balboa Jesús Balsinde |
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Institution: | 1. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 47003 Valladolid, Spain;2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain |
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Abstract: | The distribution of fatty acids among cellular glycerophospholipids is finely regulated by the CoA-dependent acylation of lysophospholipids followed by transacylation reactions. Arachidonic acid is the fatty acid precursor of a wide family of bioactive compounds called the eicosanoids, with key roles in innate immunity and inflammation. Because availability of free AA constitutes a rate-limiting step in the generation of eicosanoids by mammalian cells, many studies have been devoted to characterize the processes of arachidonate liberation from phospholipids by phospholipase A2s and its re-incorporation and further remodeling back into phospholipids by acyltransferases and transacylases. These studies have traditionally been conducted by using radioactive precursors which do not allow the identification of the phospholipid molecular species involved in these processes. Nowadays, lipidomic approaches utilizing mass spectrometry provide a new frame for the analysis of unique phospholipid species involved in fatty acid release and phospholipid incorporation and remodeling. This review focuses on the mass spectrometry techniques applied to the study of phospholipid fatty acid trafficking and the recent advances that have been achieved by the use of this technique. |
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Keywords: | Lipidomics Phospholipase A2 Mass spectrometry Arachidonic acid Phospholipid remodeling |
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