Impacts of chlorination and heat shocks on growth, pigments and photosynthesis of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae) |
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Authors: | Zengling Ma Kunshan Gao Zhaoli Xu Yangqiao Zheng |
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Affiliation: | a Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuary Fisheries (Ministry of Agriculture), East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, 200090 Shanghai, Chinab State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, Chinac Institute of Life Science and Technology,Zhanjiang Normal University, 524048 Zhanjiang, China |
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Abstract: | The main impacts of cooling water from thermal (nuclear) power plants on aquatic organisms were caused by chlorination and temperature increase. In this study, we investigated the impacts of residual chlorine and short-term heat shocks on growth, pigment contents and photosynthesis of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Growth of P. tricornutum was completely inhibited; Chlorophyll a and carotenoids contents deceased about 63.3% and 61.4% in 24 h treated with 0.2 mg L− 1 chlorine. The negative effects of chlorination increased with enhanced concentration and prolonged exposure time. Relative electrode transfer rate (rETR) of P. tricornutum was significantly suppressed when treated with 0.2 mg L− 1 residual chlorine for 24 h. Furthermore, the effective quantum yield (Fv'/Fm') decreased first but then recovered with prolonged exposure when residual chlorine ranged between 0.1 and 0.2 mg L− 1. The cells were less sensitive to heat shocks compared with chlorination: the rETR and Fv'/Fm' was suppressed only when the temperature exceeded 35 °C for 1 h. When P. tricornutum was exposed to chlorination combined with heat shocks, the rETR was further inhibited at 35 °C. It indicated that both chlorination and heat shocks had negative impacts on the primary producers living in discharging coastal waters; furthermore, there were synergistic effects of heat shocks on chlorination toxicity. |
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Keywords: | Chlorination Effective quantum yield (Fv'/Fm') Growth Phaeodactylum tricornutum Photosynthesis Pigments Relative electrode transfer rate (rETR) |
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