Endosperm-specific hypomethylation,and meiotic inheritance and variation of DNA methylation level and pattern in sorghum (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Sorghum bicolor</Emphasis> L.) inter-strain hybrids |
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| Authors: | M S Zhang H Y Yan N Zhao X Y Lin J S Pang K Z Xu L X Liu B Liu |
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| Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Plant Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China;(2) Department of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China;(3) Institute of Crop Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, 136100, China;(4) Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China;(5) Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China |
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| Abstract: | Understanding dynamics and inheritance of DNA methylation represents important facets for elucidating epigenetic paradigms
in plant development and evolution. Using four sets of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) inter-strain hybrids and their inbred parents, the developmental stability and inheritance of cytosine methylation in
two tissues, leaf and endosperm, by MSAP analysis were investigated. It was found that in all lines (inbred and hybrid) studied,
endosperm exhibited a markedly reduced level of full methylation of the external cytosine or both cytosines at the CCGG sites
relative to leaf, which caused a variable reduction in the estimated total methylation level in endosperm by 6.89–19.69% (11.47%
on average). For both tissues, a great majority of cytosine methylation profiles transmitted to F1 hybrids, however, from
1.69 to 3.22% of the profiles showed altered patterns in hybrids. Both inherited and altered methylation profiles can be divided
into distinct groups, and their frequencies are variable among the cross-combinations, and between the two tissues. The variations
in methylation level and pattern detected in the hybrids were not caused by parental heterozygosity, and they could be either
non-random or stochastic among hybrid individuals. Homology analysis of isolated bands that showed endosperm-specific hypomethylation
or variation in hybrids indicated that diverse sequences were involved, including known-function cellular genes and mobile
elements. RT-PCR analysis of six genes representing endosperm-specific hypomethylation in MSAP profiles indicated that all
showed higher expression in endosperm than in leaf, suggesting involvement of methylation state in regulating tissue-specific
or tissue-biased expression in sorghum. Analysis on leaf-RNA from 5-azacytidine-treated plants further corroborated this possibility.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
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