Chemical speciation of ternary complexes of L-dopa and 1,10-phenanthroline with Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) in low dielectric media

Abstract

A computer assisted pH-metric investigation has been carried out on the speciation of complexes of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with L-dopa and 1,10-phenanthroline. The titrations were performed in the presence of different relative concentrations (M:L:X = 1.0:2.5:2.5; 1.0:2.5:5.0; 1.0:5.0:2.5) of metal (M) to L-dopa (L) and 1,10-phenanthroline (X) with sodium hydroxide in varying concentrations (0-60% v/v) of 1,2-propanediol-water mixtures at an ionic strength of 0.16 mol L^-1 and at a temperature of 303.0 K. Stability constants of the ternary complexes were refined using MINIQUAD75. The species MLXH, MLX, ML₂X and MLX₂H for Co(II) and Cu(II) and MLXH, MLX and MLX₂H for Ni(II) were detected. The extra stability of ternary complexes compared to their binary complexes was believed to be due to electrostatic interactions of the side chains of ligands, charge neutralisation, chelate effect, stacking interactions and hydrogen bonding. The species distribution with pH at different compositions of 1, 2-propanediol-water mixtures and plausible equilibria for the formation of species were also presented. The bioavailability of the metal ions is explained based on the speciation.