叶面喷施磷、钾、钙对三月红荔枝果实品质和着色的影响

以三月红荔枝果实为试材,探讨叶面喷施0.2%KH₂PO₄(PK)、0.2%CaCl₂(Ca)溶液以及两者混合液(PK+Ca)对果实品质和着色的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施P、K、Ca能提高果实单果重。各处理(含对照)的果肉可溶性糖含量具有相似的变化趋势;在果实成熟时,PK处理的果肉可溶性糖含量显著高于对照,而PK+Ca及Ca处理则显著低于对照。各处理的酸含量变化动态为倒"N"形曲线;成熟时,PK+Ca和Ca处理极显著高于对照,PK处理显著高于对照。果肉糖酸比表现为PK处理和对照差异不显著,Ca和PK+Ca处理显著低于对照。所有处理(含对照)的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量总体趋势均下降,花色素苷含量总体趋势均上升,各处理(含对照)的果皮类胡萝卜素含量具有一致的动态变化趋势;果实成熟时对照的果皮叶绿素含量高于喷施处理或无显著差异,而花色素苷含量低于喷施处理,说明所有喷肥处理均有利于果皮着色。

The Effects of P, K and Ca Applied by Foliar Nutrients on the Quality and Pigmentation of Sanyuehong Litchi Fruits

It was conducted with Sanyuehong litchi fruits to study the effects of P,K and Ca applied by foliar nutrients sprayed the concentration 0.2% of solution of KH2PO4(PK),CaCl2(Ca) and the mixture of the both(PK Ca) on the quality and pigmentation of fruits.The results are as follows.Spraying different liquor could increase the weight of single fruit.The total of soluble sugar(TSS) in flesh of all treatments had the similar changes to each other among all the treatments and CK.The total of soluble sugar in flesh of PK treatment showed significantly higher than that of CK,and those of the other treatments were extremely remarkably lower than that of CK.The total acid(TA) in flesh of all treatments dropped down during early period,then they increased,and then they went downhill again.The TA in flesh of ripened fruits of CK was at the lowest point,and that of the treatment PK was significantly different from that of CK,and those of the other two treatments were extremely different from that of CK.The ratio of TSS/TA of the treatment PK had non-significant difference from CK,and those of the other treatments were remarkably lower than that of CK.To all treatments and CK,the dominant tendencies of the contents of the chlorophyll and carotenoid in carpel were down,and that of the anthocyanidin was up.The curves of the contents of carotenoid of all the treatments and CK were alike.When the fruits were mature,the content of the chlorophyll of CK was higher than those of the treatments or had on significant difference from the exceptional treatments,and that of the anthocyanidin of CK was lower than those of all the treatments.So all the treatments were good for the pigmentation of fruits.