Development and validation of ultrasound speckle tracking to quantify tendon displacement |
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| Authors: | Jan-Wiebe H. Korstanje Ruud W. Selles Henk J. Stam Steven E.R. Hovius Johan G. Bosch |
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| Affiliation: | 1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Mickiewicza 30 Av., Krakow 30-059, Poland;2. Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gustawa Herlinga-Grudzinskiego 1, Krakow 30-705, Poland;1. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, FCEN, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Padre Jorge Contreras 1300, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina;2. Departamento de Física Médica, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Avenida Bustillo 9500, 8400 S. C. de Bariloche, RN, Argentina;3. Fundación Escuela Medicina Nuclear, Garibaldi 405. 5500, Mendoza, Argentina;4. Laboratorio de Procesado de Imagen (LPI), E.T.S. Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain;5. Applied Chest Imaging Laboratory (ACIL), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston St. 02115, Boston, MA, USA;6. Biomedical Image Technologies Laboratory (BIT), ETSI Telecomunicacion, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, and CIBER-BBN, Avenida Complutense 30, 28040, Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Ultrasound can be used to study tendon movement. However, measurement of tendon movement is mostly based on manual tracking of anatomical landmarks such as the musculo-tendinous junction, limiting the applicability to a small number of muscle-tendon units. The aim of this study was to quantify tendon displacement without anatomical landmarks using a speckle tracking algorithm optimized for tendons in long B-mode image sequences. A dedicated two-dimensional multi-kernel block-matching scheme with subpixel motion estimation was devised to handle large displacements over long sequences. The accuracy of the tracking on porcine tendons was evaluated during different displacements and velocities. Subsequently, the accuracy of tracking the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) of a human cadaver hand was evaluated. Finally, the in-vivo accuracy of the tendon tracking was determined by measuring the movement of the FDS at the wrist level. For the porcine experiment and the human cadaver arm experiment tracking errors were, on average, 0.08 and 0.05 mm, respectively (1.3% and 1.0%). For the in-vivo experiment the tracking error was, on average, 0.3 mm (1.6%). This study demonstrated that our dedicated speckle tracking can quantify tendon displacement at different physiological velocities without anatomical landmarks with high accuracy. The technique allows tracking over large displacements and in a wider range of tendons than by using anatomical landmarks. |
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