Compressive axial mechanical properties of rat bone as functions of bone volume fraction,apparent density and micro-ct based mineral density |
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| Authors: | Esther Cory Ara Nazarian Vahid Entezari Vartan Vartanians Ralph Müller Brian D. Snyder |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Roopnagar, Punjab 140001, India;1. Division of Bone and Mineral Research, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA;2. Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States of America;2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America;4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America;5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, United States of America;6. Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States of America;7. Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America;8. Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States of America;9. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States of America;10. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington D.C., United States of America;11. Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America |
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| Abstract: | Mechanical testing has been regarded as the gold standard to investigate the effects of pathologies on the structure–function properties of the skeleton. With recent advances in computing power of personal computers, virtual alternatives to mechanical testing are gaining acceptance and use. We have previously introduced such a technique called structural rigidity analysis to assess mechanical strength of skeletal tissue with defects. The application of this technique is predicated upon the use of relationships defining the strength of bone as a function of its density for a given loading mode. We are to apply this technique in rat models to assess their compressive skeletal response subjected to a host of biological and pharmaceutical stimulations. Therefore, the aim of this study is to derive a relationship expressing axial compressive mechanical properties of rat cortical and cancellous bone as a function of equivalent bone mineral density, bone volume fraction or apparent density over a range of normal and pathologic bones.We used bones from normal, ovariectomized and partially nephrectomized animals. All specimens underwent micro-computed tomographic imaging to assess bone morphometric and densitometric indices and uniaxial compression to failure.We obtained univariate relationships describing 71–78% of the mechanical properties of rat cortical and cancellous bone based on equivalent mineral density, bone volume fraction or apparent density over a wide range of density and common skeletal pathologies. The relationships reported in this study can be used in the structural rigidity analysis introduced by the authors to provide a non-invasive method to assess the compressive strength of bones affected by pathology and/or treatment options. |
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