Mechanics of the F-actin cytoskeleton |
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| Authors: | Jonathan Stricker Tobias Falzone Margaret L Gardel |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, University of Chicago, USA;2. James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, USA;3. Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, USA;4. Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, USA;1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA;2. Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, LaJolla, CA;1. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;1. Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of San Diego, San Diego, California;2. Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts;1. Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut;2. Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York;3. Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;4. TIMC-IMAG Lab, UMR 5525, Inserm/CNRS/Université Grenoble-Alpes, Tronche, France |
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| Abstract: | Dynamic regulation of the filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeleton is critical to numerous physical cellular processes, including cell adhesion, migration and division. Each of these processes require precise regulation of cell shape and mechanical force generation which, to a large degree, is regulated by the dynamic mechanical behaviors of a diverse assortment of F-actin networks and bundles. In this review, we review the current understanding of the mechanics of F-actin networks and identify areas of further research needed to establish physical models. We first review our understanding of the mechanical behaviors of F-actin networks reconstituted in vitro, with a focus on the nonlinear mechanical response and behavior of “active” F-actin networks. We then explore the types of mechanical response measured of cytoskeletal F-actin networks and bundles formed in living cells and identify how these measurements correspond to those performed on reconstituted F-actin networks formed in vitro. Together, these approaches identify the challenges and opportunities in the study of living cytoskeletal matter. |
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