Increased aerobic metabolism is essential for the beneficial effects of caloric restriction on yeast life span |
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Authors: | Graciele A Oliveira Erich B Tahara Andreas K Gombert Mario H Barros Alicia J Kowaltowski |
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Institution: | 1.Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química,Universidade de S?o Paulo,S?o Paulo,Brazil;2.Departamento de Engenharia Química, Escola Politécnica,Universidade de S?o Paulo,S?o Paulo,Brazil;3.Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas,Universidade de S?o Paulo,S?o Paulo,Brazil |
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Abstract: | Calorie restriction is a dietary regimen capable of extending life span in a variety of multicellular organisms. A yeast model
of calorie restriction has been developed in which limiting the concentration of glucose in the growth media of Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to enhanced replicative and chronological longevity. Since S. cerevisiae are Crabtree-positive cells that present repression of aerobic catabolism when grown in high glucose concentrations, we investigated
if this phenomenon participates in life span regulation in yeast. S. cerevisiae only exhibited an increase in chronological life span when incubated in limited concentrations of glucose. Limitation of
galactose, raffinose or glycerol plus ethanol as substrates did not enhance life span. Furthermore, in Kluyveromyces lactis, a Crabtree-negative yeast, glucose limitation did not promote an enhancement of respiratory capacity nor a decrease in reactive
oxygen species formation, as is characteristic of conditions of caloric restriction in S. cerevisiae. In addition, K. lactis did not present an increase in longevity when incubated in lower glucose concentrations. Altogether, our results indicate
that release from repression of aerobic catabolism is essential for the beneficial effects of glucose limitation in the yeast
calorie restriction model. Potential parallels between these changes in yeast and hormonal regulation of respiratory rates
in animals are discussed.
G. A. Oliveira and E. B. Tahara contributed equally to this work. |
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Keywords: | Calorie restriction Crabtree effect Free radicals Aging Respiration |
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