胆道微生态的研究进展

人体微生态是微生物与宿主在长期相互作用过程中形成的特殊生态系统，在人体的健康与疾病中起着重要作用。目前对消化系统微生态的研究主要集中在肠道，而胆道系统可能存在独特的微生态体系，它们与胆道系统的健康和疾病之间的关系尚不明确，研究人员探讨了胆道的微生物群与胆囊结石、胆总管结石、Oddi括约肌受损、胆总管结石复发、原发性硬化性胆管炎和胆道肿瘤等肝胆疾病的发生发展、诊断和治疗的关系。本文从健康人群、肝移植供肝者的胆道及以上疾病着手，对胆道微生态的相关研究和进展作一综述。

Advances in research on biliary tract microecology

The human microecology is a special ecosystem formed during the long-term interaction between microorganisms and hosts, and plays an important role in human health and diseases. At present, research on the microecology of digestive system mainly focuses on the gut, and there may be unique microecological systems in the biliary system. The relationship between them and the health and disease of biliary system is not clear. The researchers explored the relationship of biliary tract microbiota with the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary diseases such as gallbladder stones, common bile duct stones, sphincter of Oddi damage, recurrence of common bile duct stones, primary sclerosing cholangitis and biliary tract tumors, and with liver transplantation. This article reviews the related research and progress on biliary tract microecology from the perspective of health and the above diseases.