Halo-vest辅助下前路手术治疗严重颈椎结核伴后凸畸形

目的：探讨使用halo-vest支具牵引复位并通过前路手术治疗严重颈椎结核并后凸畸形的方法和疗效。方法：通过对2004年10月至2010年9月在我科住院治疗的14例严重颈椎结核并后凸畸形的患者进行回顾性研究。本组患者中男8例,女6例,术前颈椎后凸Cobb角24-42°,平均34°。术前使用四联抗结核药物治疗2-4周,通过Halo-vest支具牵引复位。纠正颈椎后凸畸形后,采用一期前路手术治疗。手术处理包括：结核病灶清除、自体髂骨植骨或钛网植入、颈前路钢板内固定。术后继续抗结核治疗12-24个月。结果：术后随访12-48个月,平均26个月。所有颈椎结核并后凸畸形的患者都能通过halo-vest支具牵引恢复基本的颈椎序列,并能很好地耐受手术。术后患者局部疼痛和全身结核中毒症状明显缓解,神经功能均较术前有所恢复,后凸畸形得到矫正。术后3-6个月植骨融合,无内固定及伤口并发症,无严重halo-vest支具相关并发症,无结核复发。结论：对于严重颈椎结核并后凸畸形的患者,术前通过halo-vest支具牵引复位,可矫正畸形,恢复颈椎正常生理序列,为后期手术治疗创造条件并降低术中复位可能引起的脊髓损伤风险。Halo-vest辅助下的前路手术是治疗严重颈椎结核伴后凸畸形的有效手段。

Halo-vest Assisted Anterior Approach for the Treatment of Cervical Spinal Tuberculosis Complicated with Kyphosis

Objective： The purpose of this study is to explore the surgical method and clinical effects of Halo-vest assisted anterior approach operation for the treatment of cervical spine tuberculosis complicated with kyphosis. Methods：.12 patients suffered from cervical spine tuberculosis complicated with kyphosis were managed in our department from October 2004 to September 2010. The preoperative Cobb angle was 34° （range from 20° to 42° ）. Before operation, all patients accepted anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy for 2-4 weeks. The patients with cervical kyphosis were treated by Halo-vest and the spinal deformity was corrected before operation. All patients were treated by anterior debridement and fusion with internal fixation. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy was performed for 12 to 24 months. Results： The average duration of follow-up was 26 months （range fi＇om 12 to 48 months）. All the patients stood surgery well. The kyphosis deformity was corrected and the normal cervical lordosis was maintained without associated complication. The neural symptoms were improved. All cases had bony fusion in 3-6 months. There were no plates and screws complications and Halo-vest associated complica- tions. No recurrence of tuberculosis was noted at final follow-up. Conclusion： Application of Halo-vest can correct the cervical kyphosis and maintain normal cervical lordosis. When kyphosis was corrected, the risk of spinal cord injury in the operation can be reduced. Ante- rior debridement and internal fixation assisted with Halo-vest is a safe and effective method for treatment of the cervical tuberculosis complicated with kyphosis.