用于筛选人工结合蛋白的骨架蛋白

抗体作为最著名的天然结合蛋白,因其具有与抗原特异结合的特性,近100多年以来无论在生物技术领域,还是在疾病的诊断及治疗方面,都发挥着广泛而重要的作用。但是抗体自身固有的局限性也在很大程度上限制了它的应用,而人工结合蛋白既具有抗体的特点,又兼具更多优势:分子更小;稳定性更高;能在大肠杆菌中高产量、高可溶性表达;易于修饰;能够达到高亲合力和高特异性;并且与抗体没有知识产权的冲突,因此被称为理想的"新一代抗体"。人工结合蛋白是从基因改造构建而成的骨架蛋白库中针对特定的靶分子筛选而得的。从骨架蛋白的概念和设计,骨架蛋白的分类,应用骨架蛋白筛选人工结合蛋白的技术以及人工结合蛋白的应用和前景等方面进行总结概述。

Overview of Scaffold Protein Used for Selection of Artificial Binding Proteins

As the most well-known native binding proteins, antibodies with binding ability to antigen are extensively used in biotechnological and medical applications for over one hundred years. However, the intrinsic limitations of antibodies restrict its applications in many fields. Artificial binding proteins not only have the properties of antibodies, but also are possess of more advantages: smaller size, higher stability, E. Coli production with high throughput and high solubility, ease of modification, high affinity and high specificity, no IP conflict with antibody, therefore it was also called as ideal "the next generational antibody". Artificial binding proteins were selected from protein scaffolds library which was constructed by gene engineering based on stable protein scaffolds. This review will focus on following points: the concept and design of protein scaffold, classify of protein scaffolds, screening technologies of artificial binding proteins based on protein scaffold and application and development of artificial binding proteins.