Constraint-based simulation of multiple interactive elemental cycles in biogeochemical systems |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, 334 Leon Johnson Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;2. Montana Institute on Ecosystems, Montana State University, 605 Leon Johnson Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;3. Gianforte School of Computing, Montana State University, 357 Barnard Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;4. Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Road, Unit 4087, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;5. Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA;1. Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Brückstr. 3a, D-39114 Magdeburg, Germany;2. University Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 12, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany;1. Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (DAFNE), Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;2. Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche (DEB), Loc. Riello snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;1. Shandong Forestry Research Academy, Jinan 250014, China;2. Northeast Normal University of China, Changchun 130024, China;3. Haoshan Forest Farm, Yiyuan, Zobo 256100, China;1. School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge LL59 5AB, United Kingdom;2. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Christchurch House, Talbot Campus, Poole BH12 5BB, United Kingdom;1. College of Environment and Planning of Henan University, Kaifeng, JinMing Street, Kaifeng 475000, China;2. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475001, China;3. Research Institute of Urban Big Data, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China;4. Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China;5. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China;6. School of Geographical Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510275, China |
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| Abstract: | Simulating multiple linked elemental cycles is a frontier in the field of biogeochemistry. The Generalized Algorithm for Nutrient, Growth, Stoichiometric and Thermodynamic Analysis (GANGSTA) is a software framework that automates the instantiation of formalized, user-defined conceptual models of linked elemental cycles as simulation model code. The GANGSTA employs first principles of stoichiometry and thermodynamics to generate models that simulate any suite of elemental cycles, compounds, metabolic processes, and microorganisms. Results demonstrated, e.g., that simulating the oxygen (O) cycle, rather than oxic versus anoxic conditions, fundamentally altered carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling - despite holding the compounds and processes involved in the C and N cycles constant. Additionally, incorporating the sulfur (S) cycle substantively changed C and N cycling, largely via shifts in the O cycle. Thus, emergent dynamics from GANGSTA-derived models can aid in the development of hypotheses to describe the specific mechanisms of interdependence among linked elemental cycles. |
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