Influence of transposable elements on the structure and function of the A1 gene of Zea mays |
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Authors: | Schwarz-Sommer Z Shepherd N Tacke E Gierl A Rohde W Leclercq L Mattes M Berndtgen R Peterson P A Saedler H |
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Affiliation: | Max Planck Institut für Züchtungsforschung, 5000 Köln 30, FRG, USA;1.E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company, Central Research and Development Department, Experimental Station, Wilmington, DE 19898, USA;2.Iowa State University, Agronomy Department, Ames, IA 50011, USA |
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Abstract: | The structure of the A1 gene of Zea mays was determined by sequencing cDNA and genomic clones. The gene is composed of four exons and three short introns. The 40.1-kd A1 protein is an NADPH-dependent reductase. Germinal derivatives of the mutable a1-m1 allele with either recessive or wild-type phenotype have been isolated. Sequence analysis of these revertant alleles indicates that frame-shift mutations abolish A1 gene function, whereas one additional amino acid within the protein sequence still allows wild-type gene expression. The presence of a second, promoter-like structure, upstream of the functional A1 gene promoter is discussed with respect to its possible involvement in differential expression of the A1 gene. The structure of the a1-m2 8004, 3456 and 4412 alleles, featuring distinguishable phenotypes in the presence of Spm(En), was also determined. In all alleles the 1080-bp-long inhibitor (I) element is located 15 bp upstream of the CAAT box of the A1 gene promoter. The unusual response of a1-m2 alleles to trans-active signals of the Spm(En) element is discussed with respect to the position of the I inserts. Also presented are data on the structure and insertion sites of transposable elements determined by cloning and sequencing of the mutable a1 alleles a1-mpapu, a1-mr 102 and a1-ml. |
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