<Emphasis Type="Italic">Wolbachia</Emphasis>-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility in Japanese populations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tetranychus urticae</Emphasis> (Acari: Tetranychidae) |
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Authors: | Tetsuo Gotoh Jun Sugasawa Hiroaki Noda Yasuki Kitashima |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan;(2) National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Owashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan |
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Abstract: | Intracellular bacteria of the genus Wolbachia (alpha Proteobacteria) induce cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in many arthropod species, including spider mites, but not
all Wolbachia cause CI. In spider mites CI becomes apparent by a reduced egg hatchability and a lower daughter:son ratio: CI in haplodiploid
organisms in general was expected to produce all-male offspring or a male-biased sex ratio without any death of eggs. In a
previous study of Japanese populations of Tetranychus urticae, two out of three green-form populations tested were infected with non-CI Wolbachia strains, whereas none of six red-form populations harbored Wolbachia. As the survey of Wolbachia infection in T. urticae is still fragmentary in Japan, we checked Wolbachia infection in thirty green-form populations and 29 red-form populations collected from a wide range of Japanese islands. For
Wolbachia-infected populations, we tested the effects of Wolbachia on the reproductive traits and determined the phylogenetic relationships of the different strains of Wolbachia. All but one green-form populations were infected with Wolbachia and all strains belonged to the subgroup Ori when the wsp gene was used to determine the phylogenetic relationships of different strains of Wolbachia. Six out of 29 red-form populations harbored Wolbachia and the infected strains belonged to the subgroups Ori and Bugs. Twenty-four of 29 infected green-form populations and five
of six infected red-form populations induced CI among the hosts. Thus, CI-Wolbachia strains are widespread in Japan, and no geographical trend was observed in the CI-Wolbachia. Although three red-form populations harbored other intracellular bacteria Cardinium, they did not affect host reproduction. |
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Keywords: | Tetranychus urticae Acari Cytoplasmic incompatibility Wolbachia Spider mite |
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