白腐真菌对稻草秸秆的降解及其有关酶活性的变化*

以稻草秸秆加20%棉籽壳为培养基质，接种侧耳Z17、921、1024菌株，在不同生长阶段，测定培养物的主要化学成分和有关酶活的变化。结果表明，从接种到子实体形成，所试菌株培养物的纤维素、木质素等呈持续不断的下降趋势，水份、粗蛋白含量却逐渐升高。基质中漆酶酶活性在菌丝生长初期呈迅速上升趋势，后稍降低，而愈创木酚酶活性在菌丝生长初期及子实体形成时达到高峰，后有所降低或消失。

RICE STRAW DEGRADATION BY WHITE ROT FUNGI AND VARIANCE OF ACTIVITIES OF RELATED ENZYMES

White rot fungi (Pleurotus sp.) strains Z17、921 and 1024 were separately cultivated in the medium of rice straw supplemented with 20% of cottonseed hull. The contents of main chemical constituents in the substrate and activities of cellulases complex and polyphenolase in the culture were determined at different growth stages. The results showed that the contents of cellulose and lignin in the cultural substrate continuously decrease from inoculation to the fruit body formation, whereas the amounts of the moisture and crude protein were increased gradually. The activities of laccase in the culture showed a quick increase during mycelium growth and then decrease. The highest activity of guaiacolase occurred during mycelium growth and fruit body formation, and then decreased or disappeared.