Circulating and cardiac levels of apelin,the novel ligand of the orphan receptor APJ,in patients with heart failure |
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Authors: | Földes Gábor Horkay Ferenc Szokodi István Vuolteenaho Olli Ilves Mika Lindstedt Ken A Mäyränpää Mikko Sármán Balázs Seres Leila Skoumal Réka Lakó-Futó Zoltán deChâtel Rudolf Ruskoaho Heikki Tóth Miklós |
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Affiliation: | a Ist Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary b Gottsegen National Institute of Cardiology, Budapest H-1096, Hungary c Heart Institute, University of Pécs, Pécs H-7624, Hungary d Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland e Department of Physiology, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FIN-90014, Finland f Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki FIN-00140, Finland g Molecular Genetic Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1082, Hungary |
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Abstract: | The orphan receptor APJ and its recently identified endogenous ligand, apelin, are expressed in the heart. However, their importance in the human cardiovascular system is not known. This study shows that apelin-like immunoreactivity is abundantly present in healthy human heart and plasma. Gel filtration HPLC analysis revealed that atrial and plasma levels of high molecular weight apelin, possibly proapelin, were markedly higher than those of mature apelin-36 itself. As assessed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis, left ventricular apelin mRNA levels were increased 4.7-fold in chronic heart failure (CHF) due to coronary heart disease (p<0.01) and 3.3-fold due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (p<0.05), whereas atrial apelin mRNA levels were unchanged. Atrial and plasma apelin-like immunoreactivity as well as atrial and ventricular APJ receptor mRNA levels were significantly decreased in CHF. Our results suggest that a new cardiac regulatory peptide, apelin, and APJ receptor may contribute to the pathophysiology of human CHF. |
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Keywords: | Apelin APJ receptor Heart failure Human |
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