Yoga Ameliorates Performance Anxiety and Mood Disturbance in Young Professional Musicians |
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Authors: | Sat Bir S Khalsa Stephanie M Shorter Stephen Cope Grace Wyshak Elyse Sklar |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;(2) Kripalu Center for Yoga and Health, Lenox, MA, USA;(3) Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;(4) Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA;(5) Sleep Disorders Research Program, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA |
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Abstract: | Yoga and meditation can alleviate stress, anxiety, mood disturbance, and musculoskeletal problems, and can enhance cognitive
and physical performance. Professional musicians experience high levels of stress, performance anxiety, and debilitating performance-related
musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs). The goal of this controlled study was to evaluate the benefits of yoga and meditation for
musicians. Young adult professional musicians who volunteered to participate in a 2-month program of yoga and meditation were
randomized to a yoga lifestyle intervention group (n = 15) or to a group practicing yoga and meditation only (n = 15). Additional musicians were recruited to a no-practice control group (n = 15). Both yoga groups attended three Kripalu Yoga or meditation classes each week. The yoga lifestyle group also experienced
weekly group practice and discussion sessions as part of their more immersive treatment. All participants completed baseline
and end-program self-report questionnaires that evaluated music performance anxiety, mood, PRMDs, perceived stress, and sleep
quality; many participants later completed a 1-year followup assessment using the same questionnaires. Both yoga groups showed
a trend towards less music performance anxiety and significantly less general anxiety/tension, depression, and anger at end-program
relative to controls, but showed no changes in PRMDs, stress, or sleep. Similar results in the two yoga groups, despite psychosocial
differences in their interventions, suggest that the yoga and meditation techniques themselves may have mediated the improvements.
Our results suggest that yoga and meditation techniques can reduce performance anxiety and mood disturbance in young professional
musicians. |
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