水洞沟第2地点2014-2015年出土石制品初步研究

水洞沟遗址第2地点2014-2015年的发掘集中于2003-2007发掘区北侧的T3区域,面积约80m²。对应2003-2007发掘的层位划分,本次发掘共揭露6个文化层 (Culture Layer/CL),各层位都有发现文化遗物,其中2003-2007发掘揭露的CL4在T3发掘区缺失。本文对2014-2015年系统发掘的T3区6个层位中出土的2723件石制品进行研究。此次初步分析显示,CL1-CL5是T3发掘区的主要石制品出土层位,又以CL3遗存最为密集。硅质白云岩和燧石是主要的原料,其中硅质白云岩在各层中比例均接近半数。石器技术以锤击法为主,砸击法比例在后期有所增加。遗址整体文化面貌表现为典型的中国北方简单石片技术传统并有着较低的石核利用率,但在CL2和CL3石核利用率稍有提升,其石片产品总体以宽型石片为主。二次修理工具比例较低,并且以边刃刮削器为主,但也有比较有特色的楔形器发现出土。与2003-2007年T1-T2发掘区出土石制品进行简单对比发现,原料利用和石制品的层位组成都存在一定差异,这很可能是因为分析标准和发掘位置的差异所致。

A preliminary analysis of the stone artifacts from the 2014~2015 excavation of Shuidonggou Locality 2, Ningxia Autonomous Region

The excavation of Shuidonggou Locality 2 in 2014~2015 was focused on uncovering an area (T3) north of the units (T1 & T2) excavated previously in 2003~2007. The area exposed in T3 was approximately 80 m ² in surface area and about 8 m in depth. A total of six cultural layers (CLs) were identified from the stratigraphic sequence; all of the layers correspond to those in T1 and T2, except for CL4 which is present in the previously excavated units but absent in T3. This paper reports on the analysis of 2723 lithic artifacts unearthed from the renewed excavation at T3. By analyzing the lithic raw material and the technology/typology of the stone artifacts among the cultural layers, we characterize diachronic shifts in lithic production strategy at SDG2. Results of this study provide additional evidence for understanding the behavior and adaptation of past human groups at Shuidonggou Locality 2.