Innate immune activation of CD4 T cells in salmonella-infected mice is dependent on IL-18 |
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Authors: | Srinivasan Aparna Salazar-Gonzalez Rosa-Maria Jarcho Michael Sandau Michelle M Lefrancois Leo McSorley Stephen J |
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Affiliation: | Department of Medicine, and Center for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Translational Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, McGuire Translational Research Facility, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. |
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Abstract: | Production of IFN-gamma by CD4 T cells is generally thought to be mediated by TCR triggering, however, Ag-nonspecific activation of effector CD8 T cells has been reported in infection models. In this study, we demonstrate that Ag-experienced CD4 T cells in the spleen of Salmonella-infected mice acquire the capacity to rapidly secrete IFN-gamma in response to stimulation with bacterial lysate or LPS. This innate responsiveness of T cells was transient and most apparent during, and immediately following, active Salmonella infection. Furthermore, innate T cell production of IFN-gamma in response to bacterial lysate or LPS was Ag independent and could be induced in Listeria-infected mice and in the absence of MHC class II expression. IL-18 was required for maximal innate responsiveness of CD4 T cells in Salmonella-infected mice and for optimal bacterial clearance in vivo. These data demonstrate that CD4 T cells acquire the capacity to respond to innate stimuli during active bacterial infection, a process that may contribute significantly to amplifying effector responses in vivo. |
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