An anti-infective peptide that selectively modulates the innate immune response |
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Authors: | Scott Monisha G Dullaghan Edie Mookherjee Neeloffer Glavas Natalie Waldbrook Matthew Thompson Annick Wang Aikun Lee Ken Doria Silvana Hamill Pam Yu Jie Jessie Li Yuexin Donini Oreola Guarna M Marta Finlay B Brett North John R Hancock Robert E W |
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Institution: | Inimex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 3650 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6S 2L2. |
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Abstract: | We show that an innate defense-regulator peptide (IDR-1) was protective in mouse models of infection with important Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. When given from 48 h before to 6 h after infection, the peptide was effective by both local and systemic administration. Because protection by IDR-1 was prevented by in vivo depletion of monocytes and macrophages, but not neutrophils or B- and T-lymphocytes, we conclude that monocytes and macrophages are key effector cells. IDR-1 was not directly antimicrobial: gene and protein expression analysis in human and mouse monocytes and macrophages indicated that IDR-1, acting through mitogen-activated protein kinase and other signaling pathways, enhanced the levels of monocyte chemokines while reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. To our knowledge, an innate defense regulator that counters infection by selective modulation of innate immunity without obvious toxicities has not been reported previously. |
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