Simultaneous Determination of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Se in Human Blood of Jordanian Smokers by ICP-OES |
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Authors: | Adnan Massadeh Ahmed Gharibeh Khaled Omari Idrees Al-Momani Ahmed Alomari Hiatham Tumah and Wail Hayajneh |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan;(2) Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan;(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan;(4) Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan;(5) Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan |
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Abstract: | A total of 73 blood samples (56 from smokers and 17 from nonsmokers) were collected to determine the concentrations of selected
heavy metal in the whole blood of smokers and nonsmokers living in and around the city of Amman, Jordan. Analysis of heavy
metals in the whole blood samples of various groups took in consideration the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The analysis
of blood samples was carried out using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. This study aimed to evaluate
the blood metal levels in smokers and nonsmokers and to assess the influence of smoking cigarettes on blood metal levels.
The results were compared with those from a control group. The results indicated that the average concentrations of cadmium
(Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) were 0.0313, 0.344, 2.328, 3.214, and 0.332 mg/L, respectively.
Statistical analysis of results indicated that these average concentrations were significantly higher compared with the average
concentrations in nonsmokers (P < 0.05). Moreover, the correlations between blood metal and other blood metal levels in smokers, the correlations between
blood metal and other blood metal levels in nonsmokers, and the correlations between blood metal concentration in smokers
and its concentration in nonsmokers were calculated. The standard reference material (blood serum National Institute of Standards
and Technology 1598) and the quality control were used to validate the reliability of the method used for the estimation of
heavy metals in blood samples. Results revealed that there was an agreement between the certified values and the measured
values. |
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